Ferroalloy smelting
2017-02-13
Ferroalloy main elements generally melting point is higher , or it is difficult to restore the oxide. It is difficult to pure metal refining, if the iron together with the reduction of smelting easier. In the iron and steel smelting and in the use of ferroalloy, which is not only harmless iron, and because the molten steel in the anti-more favorable. Therefore, the steelmaking process of deoxidation and the addition of alloys, mostly in the form of iron alloy added. Ferroalloys are generally brittle and can not be used as metal materials.
With the crucible smelting low-grade iron alloy is around 1860 began. Later developed with a blast furnace smelting ferrosilicon and silicon containing is less than 12% ferrosilicon. From 1890s to 1910s in France began to use electric arc furnace production of ferroalloy. H. Moissan used electric arc furnaces to systematically test hard-to-reductive elements. Ehrul was used in industrial production, where coke and charcoal were used as reducing agents to restore the ore. After 1920s, in order to meet the needs of the development of high-quality steel and stainless steel, people began to produce a new stage of low-carbon ferroalloy. On the one hand, in the Gold Schmidt (K. Goldschmidt) in 1898 made of aluminum thermal process based on the production of metal, the development of aluminum thermal metallurgy of some carbon-free ferroalloy and pure metal; A desiliconization process for oxidizing silicon - containing alloys in an electric furnace. As the cost of aluminum thermal production is too high, desilicon refining method has been more applications. Until now, carbon, low-carbon, micro-carbon ferrochrome, carbon, low-carbon ferromanganese, manganese is still mostly refined using this method. Refining ferrochromium heat exchange method that the liquid ore, lime melt and silicon-chromium alloy, mixed by the heat against the accelerated reaction is a further development of desilicon refining method. In addition, electrolytic production of pure alloy additives (such as manganese metal), and the use of vacuum decarburization production of ultra-low carbon are ferrochromium. In recent years the application of pure oxygen refining refining ferrochrome, ferromanganese method also has developed.
China in 1940s was with a small electric furnace production of ferrosilicon, ferromanganese. Since 1955, Jilin ferroalloy plant began mass production. Then in the construction of a number of ferroalloy plants are around, and the use of small blast furnace production of ferromanganese, to meet the needs of the national iron and steel industry.
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